{"id":4433,"date":"2026-06-10T00:00:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T17:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/?p=4433"},"modified":"2026-05-27T11:01:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T04:01:24","slug":"bao-tri-khac-phuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/bao-tri-khac-phuc\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, <\/span>b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b><\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t – \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n

B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c (Corrective Maintenance) l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"B\u1ea3o
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba (Preventive Maintenance) – v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra – b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hay \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/b><\/h2>\n

D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. L\u00fd do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 100% s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian d\u1eebng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c thay v\u00ec b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. S\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. T\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1c
C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n (Deferred Maintenance – DM)<\/b><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y b\u01a1m ph\u1ee5 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa trong tu\u1ea7n t\u1edbi thay v\u00ec x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay h\u00f4m nay. Deferred Maintenance<\/a><\/strong> gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 h\u1ea5p t\u1ea5p g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (Emergency Maintenance – EM)<\/b><\/h3>\n

Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Deferred Maintenance, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111ang g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng – t\u1eeb d\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, nguy hi\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ee9t b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh trong kho d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m. Emergency Maintenance th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Planned Maintenance)<\/b><\/h3>\n

Planned Maintenance trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c”, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng, ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00edt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi n\u00f3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (Unplanned Maintenance)<\/b><\/h3>\n

Unplanned Maintenance l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a Unplanned Maintenance th\u01b0\u1eddng cao g\u1ea5p 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 9 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, do ph\u1ea3i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edd, mua ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng g\u1ea5p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1eddi gian d\u1eebng m\u00e1y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u Unplanned Maintenance l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b><\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, t\u1eeb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sau x\u1eed l\u00fd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <\/span>ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/b>: ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 <\/span>\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/b>: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n hay l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 <\/span>chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/b>: \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 <\/span>th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/b>: ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c theo \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 <\/span>ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m thu<\/b>: ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sau s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 <\/span>ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/b>: l\u01b0u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u1ec1 sau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b><\/h2>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p “th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng”, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c “ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecfng” (run-to-failure) gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay v\u00ec ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 “l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n” kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf – cho d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec, s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c?<\/b><\/h2>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 thay th\u1ebf; thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng; t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa khi h\u1ecfng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c khi th\u1eddi gian d\u1eebng m\u00e1y g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i doanh thu l\u1edbn. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, n\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n (Predictive Maintenance) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b><\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u01afu
    \u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/b> bao g\u1ed3m: chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hay l\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3; t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi can thi\u1ec7p; \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/b> kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd: th\u1eddi gian d\u1eebng m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch; h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i lan r\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi; \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai s\u00f3t; kh\u00f3 l\u1eadp ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c do t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/b><\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n thay v\u00ec \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/b>: m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, k\u00e8m theo th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (CMMS – Computerized Maintenance Management System) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/b>: kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ma tr\u1eadn \u01b0u ti\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/b>: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef s\u1eb5n trong kho \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian d\u1eebng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/b>: \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhanh, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 (Root Cause Analysis)<\/b>: sau m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c ra c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/b>: b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/b> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi hay k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 – m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t – \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4440,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4433"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4433"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4442,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4433\/revisions\/4442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}