{"id":4397,"date":"2026-06-06T00:00:23","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T17:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/?p=4397"},"modified":"2026-05-27T10:01:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T03:01:59","slug":"giam-sat-mang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IT"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 doanh thu. <a title=\"Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/\"><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/a> ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 &#8211; gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 IT theo d\u00f5i, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Giam_sat_mang_Network_Monitoring_la_gi\" >Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Tai_sao_can_giam_sat_mang\" >T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Loi_ich_cua_giam_sat_mang\" >L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Ung_dung_cua_giam_sat_mang\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Cac_loai_cong_cu_giam_sat_mang\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Cach_hoat_dong_cua_cong_cu_giam_sat_mang\" >C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Giao_thuc_pho_bien_trong_giam_sat_mang\" >Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#SNMP_Giao_thuc_quan_ly_mang_don_gian\" >SNMP (Giao th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#ICMP_Giao_thuc_tin_nhan_dieu_khien_Internet\" >ICMP (Giao th\u1ee9c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Internet)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#NetFlow\" >NetFlow<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Syslog\" >Syslog<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Giam_sat_mang_va_giam_sat_bao_mat_mang_Su_khac_biet\" >Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/giam-sat-mang\/#Thach_thuc_khi_giam_sat_mang\" >Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giam_sat_mang_Network_Monitoring_la_gi\"><\/span><b>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra &#8211; d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u00fat gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n &#8211; c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4398\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4398\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4398 size-full\" title=\"Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-1.png\" alt=\"Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-1.png 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-1-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4398\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Network Monitoring) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 router, switch, server, firewall v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 IT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 leo thang th\u00e0nh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau trong h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n, v\u00e0 g\u1eedi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c &#8220;nh\u00ecn xem m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng&#8221; &#8211; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng minh gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean n\u1eafm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng IT trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_sao_can_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. T\u1eeb l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn &#8211; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng IT hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1edbm &#8211; ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t g\u00f3i t\u0103ng cao &#8211; tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1ee9 hai, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tinh vi, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u &#8211; d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1ee9 ba, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, y t\u1ebf, hay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi_ich_cua_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4399\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4399\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4399 size-full\" title=\"L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-2.png\" alt=\"L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-2.png 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-2-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4399\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <\/span><b>gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ebft<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (downtime). Khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1eddi gian h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 doanh thu v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp theo th\u1eddi gian gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i IT <\/span><b>ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eadt k\u00fd gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 <\/span><b>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c <\/span><b>t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0o h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_cua_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hay quy m\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8211; n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c <\/span><b>doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c <\/span><b>nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet (ISP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><b>trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cam k\u1ebft SLA v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng <\/span><b>\u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng gi\u00fap theo d\u00f5i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng on-premises v\u00e0 cloud, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c <\/span><b>c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_loai_cong_cu_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia theo ba nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4400\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4400\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4400 size-full\" title=\"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-3.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-3.png 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-3-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4400\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng (NPM)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t g\u00f3i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Traffic Analyzers)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o \u0111ang ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (Infrastructure Monitoring)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c <\/span><b>n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t (Unified Monitoring Platforms)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n duy nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_hoat_dong_cua_cong_cu_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y &#8211; t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo chu tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng (polling) ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (traps\/agents) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/span><b>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (time-series database) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S<\/span><b>o s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8211; ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n CPU tr\u00ean 90% ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t g\u00f3i tr\u00ean 5% &#8211; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean qua email, SMS ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ticketing \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giao_thuc_pho_bien_trong_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. M\u1ed7i giao th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4401\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4401\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4401 size-full\" title=\"Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-4.png\" alt=\"Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-4.png 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/giam-sat-mang-4-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4401\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SNMP_Giao_thuc_quan_ly_mang_don_gian\"><\/span><b>SNMP (Giao th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 router, switch, server th\u00f4ng qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf polling (h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3) ho\u1eb7c trap (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n). SNMP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u <strong><a title=\"MIB (Management Information Base)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Management_information_base\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">MIB (Management Information Base)<\/a><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, SNMPv3 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00ec b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICMP_Giao_thuc_tin_nhan_dieu_khien_Internet\"><\/span><b>ICMP (Giao th\u1ee9c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Internet)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. L\u1ec7nh <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ping<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng &#8211; ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ICMP. Trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng, ICMP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng (reachability), \u0111o th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i (latency) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t g\u00f3i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ICMP v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NetFlow\"><\/span><b>NetFlow<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NetFlow l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c do Cisco ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 lu\u1ed3ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng (traffic flow). Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft &#8220;m\u1ea1ng \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y hay kh\u00f4ng&#8221;, NetFlow cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u &#8220;ai \u0111ang d\u00f9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, d\u00f9ng bao nhi\u00eau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ed1n b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DDoS, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sFlow (Foundry Networks) hay IPFIX (chu\u1ea9n IETF).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syslog\"><\/span><b>Syslog<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Syslog l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ghi v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (log) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1eadp trung (syslog server). M\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb &#8211; t\u1eeb thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp &#8211; \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n tin syslog v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u ti\u00ean (severity) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng, syslog \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 (forensics), ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giam_sat_mang_va_giam_sat_bao_mat_mang_Su_khac_biet\"><\/span><b>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf cho nhau, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m giao thoa.<\/span><br \/>\n<!-- Responsive styled table --><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; min-width: 900px;\" role=\"table\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" scope=\"col\"><b>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/b><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" scope=\"col\"><b>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (Network Monitoring)<\/b><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" scope=\"col\"><b>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng (NSM)<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td><strong>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fafafa;\">\n<td><strong>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 ai \u0111ang c\u1ed1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td><strong>Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, uptime<\/td>\n<td>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fafafa;\">\n<td><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<td>Chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fafafa;\">\n<td><strong>Threat Intelligence<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td>So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td><strong>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 an ninh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fafafa;\">\n<td><strong>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 an ninh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<td>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 an ninh m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #fafafa;\">\n<td><strong>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thach_thuc_khi_giam_sat_mang\"><\/span><b>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Q<\/span><b>uy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng IT hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3 g\u1ecdn trong m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng &#8211; n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng qua nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN. Vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C<\/span><b>\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o gi\u1ea3 (alert fatigue)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ed9i IT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp trong h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf s\u00f3t nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u00e2u.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf &#8211; d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadt k\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IT hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 doanh thu. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 &#8211; gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 IT theo d\u00f5i, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4397"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4397"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4409,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4397\/revisions\/4409"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}