{"id":3388,"date":"2026-02-18T00:00:49","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T17:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/?p=3388"},"modified":"2026-01-28T13:46:14","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T06:46:14","slug":"scalability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/","title":{"rendered":"Scalability l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, khi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, <\/span><a title=\"Scalability (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng)\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/\"><b>Scalability (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u00ec s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Scalability, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Scalability_Kha_nang_mo_rong_la_gi\" >Scalability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Tai_sao_kha_nang_mo_rong_quan_trong\" >T\u1ea1i sao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Phuong_phap_trien_khai_Scalability\" >Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Mo_rong_theo_chieu_doc_Vertical_Scaling\" >M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc (Vertical Scaling)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Mo_rong_theo_chieu_ngang_Horizontal_Scaling\" >M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang (Horizontal Scaling)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Yeu_to_anh_huong_den_Scalability\" >Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Scalability<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Do_tre_mang_Network_Latency\" >\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng (Network Latency)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Luu_tru_va_truy_cap_du_lieu\" >L\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Kien_truc_he_thong\" >Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Su_dung_tai_nguyen\" >S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Loi_ich_cua_kha_nang_mo_rong\" >L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Yeu_to_cai_thien_kha_nang_mo_rong\" >Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Caching\" >Caching<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Load_Balancer\" >Load Balancer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#CDN_Content_Delivery_Network\" >CDN (Content Delivery Network)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Phan_manh_co_so_du_lieu_Database_Sharding\" >Ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Database Sharding)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/scalability\/#Thach_thuc_va_han_che_cua_Scalability\" >Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Scalability<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scalability_Kha_nang_mo_rong_la_gi\"><\/span><b>Scalability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Scalability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <\/span><b>m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3389\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3389\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3389 size-full\" title=\"Scalability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-1.jpg\" alt=\"Scalability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3389\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scalability (Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scalability kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u201cth\u00eam m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Scalability th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t song song v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng (performance), t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng (availability) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady (reliability).<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_sao_kha_nang_mo_rong_quan_trong\"><\/span><b>T\u1ea1i sao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Scalability kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t trang web t\u1ea3i ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i do qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t khuy\u1ebfn m\u00e3i l\u1edbn (Flash Sale) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng g\u00e2y b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 traffic.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay v\u00ec duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 1.000 hay 1.000.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang truy c\u1eadp.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_trien_khai_Scalability\"><\/span><b>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t trong hai ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3390\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3390\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3390 size-full\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-2.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3390\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai Scalability<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mo_rong_theo_chieu_doc_Vertical_Scaling\"><\/span><b>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc (Vertical Scaling)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vertical Scaling l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM ho\u1eb7c dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> D\u1ec5 tri\u1ec3n khai, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n&#8221; ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00eam RAM v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7). Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng Downtime khi n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro &#8220;Single Point of Failure&#8221; (n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecfng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mo_rong_theo_chieu_ngang_Horizontal_Scaling\"><\/span><b>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang (Horizontal Scaling)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Horizontal Scaling l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng. Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c node.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yeu_to_anh_huong_den_Scalability\"><\/span><b>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Scalability<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9 th\u00eam m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb k\u00ecm h\u00e3m b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u &#8220;n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai&#8221; (bottleneck) ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3391\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3391\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3391 size-full\" title=\"Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Scalability\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-3.jpg\" alt=\"Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Scalability\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-3-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3391\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Scalability<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_tre_mang_Network_Latency\"><\/span><b>\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng (Network Latency)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, th\u1eddi gian truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau qua m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luu_tru_va_truy_cap_du_lieu\"><\/span><b>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t trong b\u00e0i to\u00e1n Scalability. Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt, c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (locks) v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t truy c\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn database tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, d\u00f9 cho t\u1ea7ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (App Server) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kien_truc_he_thong\"><\/span><b>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac &#8220;Monolithic&#8221; (nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i) th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1eafn k\u1ebft qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac <strong><a title=\"Microservices\" href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Microservices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Microservices<\/a><\/strong> cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a Scalability cho nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_dung_tai_nguyen\"><\/span><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m, lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd (threads) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (connections) kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed. M\u1ed9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed1n s\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi ngay khi v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi_ich_cua_kha_nang_mo_rong\"><\/span><b>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o Scalability kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh th\u00f4ng minh. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00f4 gi\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp \u0111i x\u00e2y l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n khai t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Cloud Computing).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yeu_to_cai_thien_kha_nang_mo_rong\"><\/span><b>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Scalability cao, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t &#8220;b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5&#8221; k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3394\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3394\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3394 size-full\" title=\"Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng\" src=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-4-TV.png\" alt=\"Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-4-TV.png 600w, https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/scalability-4-TV-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3394\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caching\"><\/span><b>Caching<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caching l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (nh\u01b0 Redis ho\u1eb7c Memcached). Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o database t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ngay t\u1eeb cache, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u00ean h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Load_Balancer\"><\/span><b>Load Balancer<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i (Load Balancer) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i trong c\u1ee5m (cluster). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0o b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c \u0111ang nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i, l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Horizontal Scaling.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CDN_Content_Delivery_Network\"><\/span><b>CDN (Content Delivery Network)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CDN gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p t\u0129nh (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, video, CSS) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edbt t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p t\u0129nh ra ngo\u00e0i gi\u00fap m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n Scalability t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_manh_co_so_du_lieu_Database_Sharding\"><\/span><b>Ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Database Sharding)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sharding l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chia nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t database l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (shards) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed7i shard ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo chi\u1ec1u ngang.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thach_thuc_va_han_che_cua_Scalability\"><\/span><b>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Scalability<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh chinh ph\u1ee5c Scalability kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y hoa h\u1ed3ng. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 <\/span><b>s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi (Data Consistency) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n h\u00f3c b\u00faa (\u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd CAP).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 <strong>Kubernetes, Microservices hay Distributed Databases<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>L\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng quan h\u1ec7:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0110\u00f4i khi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sai l\u1ec7ch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Scalability<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac linh ho\u1ea1t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Caching, Load Balancer v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u01b0\u1ee3t mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, khi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, Scalability (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3388"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3401,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388\/revisions\/3401"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3397"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technest.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}